Chapter 3 quizzes with answer

1. Question
What is the name given to a program or program code that bypasses normal authentication? Select one:

  • backdoor
  • Trojan
  • worm
  • virus
  • ransomware

Explanation:
A backdoor is a program or program code implemented by a criminal to bypass the normal
authentication that is used to access a system.

2. Question
What is the term used to describe an email that is targeting a specific person employed at a financial institution? Select one:

  • spyware
  • spam
  • spear phishing
  • target phishing
  • vishing

Explanation:
Spear phishing is a phishing attack customized to reach a specific person or target.

3. Question
What is the meaning of the term logic bomb? Select one:

  • a malicious program that uses a trigger to awaken the malicious code
  • a malicious program that hides itself in a legitimate program
  • a malicious virus
  • a malicious worm

Explanation:
A logic bomb remains inactive until a trigger event occurs. Once activated, a logic bomb runs
malicious code that causes harm to a computer.

4. Question
An attacker is sitting in front of a store and wirelessly copies emails and contact lists from nearby
unsuspecting user devices. What type of attack is this? Select one:

  • RF jamming
  • bluejacking
  • smishing
  • blue snarfing

Explanation:
Blusnarfing is the copying of user information through unauthorized Bluetooth transmissions.

5. Question
What does a rootkit modify? Select one:

  • programs
  • operating system
  • Microsoft Word
  • Notepad
  • screen savers

Explanation:
A rootkit commonly modifies an operating system to create a backdoor to bypass normal
authentication mechanisms.

6. Question
A computer is presenting a user with a screen requesting payment before the user data is allowed to
be accessed by the same user. What type of malware is this? Select one:

  • a type of logic bomb
  • a type of worm
  • a type of ransomware
  • a type of virus

Explanation:
Ransomware commonly encrypts data on a computer and makes the data unavailable until the
computer user pays a specific sum of money.

7. Question
What is the difference between a virus and a worm? Select one:

  • Worms require a host file but viruses do not.
  • Worms self-replicate but viruses do not.
  • Viruses self-replicate but worms do not.
  • Viruses hide in legitimate programs but worms do not.

Explanation:
Worms are able to self-replicate and exploit vulnerabilities on computer networks without user
participation.

8. Question
Which two reasons describe why WEP is a weak protocol? (Choose two.) Select one or more:

  • The default settings cannot be modified.
  • Everyone on the network uses a different key.
  • The key is transmitted in clear text.
  • The key is static and repeats on a congested network.
  • WEP uses the same encryption features as Bluetooth.

Explanation:
The initialization vector (IV) of WEP is as follows:
• Is a 24-bit field, which is too small
• Is cleartext and readable
• Is static and causes identical key streams to repeat on a busy network

9. Question
What are two of the tactics used by a social engineer to obtain personal information from an
unsuspecting target? (Choose two.) Select one or more:

  • intimidation
  • integrity
  • urgency
  • honesty
  • compassion

Explanation:
Social engineering tactics include the following:
• Authority
• Intimidation
• Consensus/Social Proof
• Scarcity
• Urgency
• Familiarity/Liking
• Trust

10. Question
What is a vulnerability that allows criminals to inject scripts into web pages viewed by users? Select one:

  • Cross-site scripting
  • SQL injection
  • XML injection
  • buffer overflow

Explanation:
Cross-site scripting (XSS) allows criminals to inject scripts that contain malicious code into web
applications.

11. Question
Which term describes the sending of a short deceptive SMS message used to trick a target into visiting a website? Select one:

  • smishing
  • grayware
  • spam
  • impersonation

Explanation:
Cross-site scripting (XSS) allows criminals to inject scripts that contain malicious code into web
applications.

12. Question
A criminal is using software to obtain information about the computer of a user. What is the name of this type of software? Select one:

  • spyware
  • adware
  • virus
  • phishing

Explanation:
Spyware is software that tracks the activity of a user and obtains information about that user.

13. Question
What is the term used when a malicious party sends a fraudulent email disguised as being from a legitimate, trusted source? Select one:

  • phishing
  • Trojan
  • social engineering
  • backdoor
  • vishing

Explanation:
Phishing is used by malicious parties who create fraudulent messages that attempt to trick a user
into either sharing sensitive information or installing malware.

14. Question
What are two common indicators of spam mail? (Choose two.) Select one or more:

  • The email has keywords in it.
  • The email is from your supervisor.
  • The email has misspelled words or punctuation errors or both.
  • The email is from a friend.
  • The email has no subject line.
  • The email has an attachment that is a receipt for a recent purchase.

Explanation:
Spam is a common method of advertising through the use of unsolicited email and may contain
malware.

15. Question
What type of attack targets an SQL database using the input field of a user? Select one:

  • buffer overflow
  • XML injection
  • SQL injection
  • Cross-site scripting

Explanation:
A criminal can insert a malicious SQL statement in an entry field on a website where the system
does not filter the user input correctly.

16. Question
What are two ways to protect a computer from malware? (Choose two.) Select one or more:

  • Use antivirus software.
  • Keep software up to date.
  • Defragment the hard disk.
  • Delete unused software.
  • Empty the browser cache.

Explanation:
At a minimum, a computer should use antivirus software and have all software up to date to defend
against malware.

17. Question
What occurs on a computer when data goes beyond the limits of a buffer? Select one:

  • an SQL injection
  • a buffer overflow
  • a system exception
  • cross-site scripting

Explanation:
A buffer overflow occurs by changing data beyond the boundaries of a buffer and can lead to a
system crash, data compromise, or cause escalation of privileges.

18. Question
What is the name for the type of software that generates revenue by generating annoying pop-ups? Select one:

  • trackers
  • adware
  • spyware
  • pop-ups

Explanation:
Adware is a type of malware that displays pop-ups on a computer to generate revenue for the
creator of the malware.