Recursive DNS (Domain Name System) is a method by which a DNS resolver (such as a DNS server or client application) queries multiple DNS servers in order to resolve a domain name to an IP address.

When a user types in a website’s domain name (such as “www.example.com”) into their browser, the browser needs to know the IP address of the server that hosts that website in order to establish a connection and load the page. The DNS resolver, which is typically provided by the user’s Internet Service Provider (ISP) or a third-party DNS provider, is responsible for performing this translation.

In the recursive DNS method, the resolver first sends a query to a DNS root server, which returns the IP addresses of the top-level domain (TLD) servers for the appropriate TLD (such as .com or .org). The resolver then sends a query to one of the TLD servers, which returns the IP address of the authoritative DNS server for the domain name (such as ns1.example.com). The resolver then sends a query to the authoritative DNS server, which returns the IP address associated with the domain name.

Throughout this process, the resolver caches the results of each query in order to speed up subsequent queries for the same domain name. This means that the first query for a particular domain name may take longer than subsequent queries, as the resolver needs to traverse the DNS hierarchy to find the appropriate IP address.

The recursive DNS method is the most common method used for resolving domain names, as it allows for efficient resolution of domain names while minimizing the load on individual DNS servers.

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